Refrigerating apparatus



F. E. DENNISON REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed July 22. 1926` July 8`, 1930.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 8, 1930.A

F. E. DENNlsoN 1,769,916 REFRIGERATI'NG APPARATUS Flld July 22, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'f I Y fue/eufor- ,man

Patented July s, l1930 I UNITED STATES PATENT 2oFFlcE NCH E. DEN'NISON, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TQ NATIONAL REFRIGERA-- TION CORPORATION; OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Application filed .Tuly 22,

This invention relates to refrigerating ma` chines of the type wherein the refrigerating medium is compressed, after which such medium is led through condensing means, discharged therefrom into a receiver and sub- Machines of the above type are usually used under conditions where compactness is lso essential. It has been customary in the past to` construct such machines with the receiver for the refrigerating medium separate from the compressor and condensing means. This was due principally to the difficulty inconstructing such lcontainers compact-ly with the said compressor and condensing means because of the care required of these parts and the consequent need of accessibility thereto, and to other reasons.

Some machines `of the above been used ini the past in which the receiver for the refrigerating medium has been disposed in"`proximity to the rest of the machine for the sake of space economy but in such cases the arrangement of such receivers relative to the compartment containing the condensing means has not been such as to p ermitheat transference between the receiver and the condensing chamber or compartment or the crank case of the compressor. It is accordingly the principal object of this invention to provide a more eiicient machine -which will overcome the above mentioned difficulties.

It is more particularly an objecteof this invention to provide a machine in which the receiver is mounted adjacent the compressor 'i and condensing chamber in such a manner as to provide a maximum of heat transference between the compressor, condensing chamber, receiver .for said refrigerant, and the surroundingI- atmosphere. a The construction at the same-time affording both space econo-` ymy and an ampleamount of accessibility to vthe various parts.

It is also an object of this invention to provide such a machine in which the receiver is compactly arranged withrespect to the compressor and the condensing means without i type have 1926. Serial No. 124,125. `v

the necessity of disposing the container in the base of the machine which would not only increase the size and height of the base but also necessitate a'base of special construction.

Other and further objects of this invention will be apparent from the specification and claims when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation partly inn section and with lparts removed showing an ice machine of this invention;

Fig. 2 is a ,transverse section taken at the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and showing parts in elevation.

Referring to the drawings more particularly, numeral 1 represents the base of the machine of any preferred construction preferably carried by legs 2. The base is cast separately from the other parts which are mounted thereon. On one end of the base 1 is bolted a casting 3 which forms a bell shaped chamber 4 constituting the crank case of the compressor and also a chamber 5 partially surrounding the crank case and serving as the receiver for the condensed refrigerant. The chamber 5 does not extend completely around the crank case 4, but the ends of said chamber terminate adjacent an ananular shoulder 6 at one side of the crank case 4. The shoulder 6 surrounds an opening 7 in one side of the crank case for receiving a drivingshaft 8 provided with a crank 9 thereon within the crank case 4. The side of the crank case 4 opposite to the opening 7 is cast with a hollow boss 10 extending utwardly of said case into the chamber 5, and adapted to receive the bearing bushing 11 for one end of the crank shaft.

A disk 12 is secured on theshoulder 6 for closing the opening 7 and is -provided with opposite bosses 13 and 14 on its outer and inner faces respectively. The shaft 8 extends through the bosses 13 and 14 and bears on a bushing 15 secured within the boss`14. The boss 13 is cored out to receive a stuing box 16, said stuffing box including a threaded member 17 on said bossy 13. The outer end of the shaft 8 is fastened to a driving wheel 18 which also actsas a\y wheel. The wheel 18 is driven through a belt 1.9 from a 11101K??` in the plate 46. j

20. mounted at. the other end ofthe base 1. An oil pipe 19 threaded in the upper side of the plate 12 'communicates with suitable 'end of Athe-cylinder 20 and concent-ric with the said cylinder is an annular' groove 23 the purpose of which will be apparent hereinafter The outer edge of the groove 23'provides a shoulder 24 on which is secured a hol- `low cylindrical member 25, the lower end o'f which is slightly enlarged and provided with an integral flange 26 which is bolted to said shoulder. The cylinder is aligned with the cylinder 20 and slidably. contains a compressor piston 27 connected through a rod 28 to the cross head 21. A closure 29 is provided on the upper end of the cylinder 20, said closure having a suitable stuffing box and opening therein for the rod 28. The piston 27 is provided with the usual suction valve 30 and a discharge valve 31 is mounted over the upper endl of the cylinder. The up'- per end of the cylindrical member 25 is provided with a ange 32 on which rests a ring 33 carrying a plate 34. The plate 34 and ring 33 are secured to the flange 32 by means of bolts 35 which extend through said ring into said {ia-nge. f

A condensingl coil 36 surrounding the cylindrical member 25 is connected at one end to chamber 37 formedwithin the ring 33 as indicated at 65. The :lower vend of the coil is connected in a suitable manner to a passa'ge 38 in the casting 3. The passage 38 extends outwardly in a shoulder 39 on the casting 3 and communicates with a litting 40 xhaving a high pressure cut-'out 41 connected thereto. The cut-out 41 contains a pressure operated switch which Ais adapted to shut oli the motor 20 when the maximum pressure is reached and turn the `machine on again when the pressure is again normal. A separate passage 42 is provided in the casting 3 through the shoulder 3 9 spaced.' from the passage 38 and communicating with the receiver 5. Communication is established between passages" 38 land 42 through a passage 44 in the fitting which is equippedwith a shut od valve 43 which may be closed when repairs to the machine are necessary.

The lower end of the crankl case 4 is provided with an opening 45 and a plate closure 46 for said opening which may be removed to permit access to the interior of the crank case. A suitable `drain plug 47 is threaded The upper end of the casting 3 is provided with an annular shoulder 48 on'which is se- Cured a shell 49, the latterA enclosing the upper end. of the compressor and the condensing chamber. The shell 49 is connected at its lower end with a cooling water supply pipe 50 for admitting cool Water to the cham` ber formed Within said shell, and is provided at its upper end with adelivery pipe 62.

The base 1 is cut away to permit access to the bottom of the crank case 4 through the plate 46. The lower portion of the chamber 5 is provided with a connection 53 to the expansion coils (not shown).

Means are provided 'for controlling the admission of cooling water through the pipe 50 to the condensing chamber Within the shell 49. Such means includes a control valve 54, the stem of which is actuated by a bell crank lever 56, one arm of which extends upwardly and is provided with an adjustable member 57 substantially in alignment with the shaft 8 and carrying a ball member 58 at one end thereof. A centrifugal governor 59 operatively lmounted on the wheel 18 operates through a slidable sleeve 60 upon the ball 58 to swing the lever 56 in Vaccordance with the speed of the compressor thereby controlling the vvalve 54. When the compressor is idle the valve is entirely shut off thereby conserving water. A connection 61 at the bottom of the groove 23 communicates with the other end of the Vexpansion coils.

The compressor on being driven through the motor. 20 causes the gas comprising the refrigerant to be forced above the piston 27 on the down strokeA thereof, the valve 30 therein opening during said stroke. Upon the upward stroke of the piston 27, the gas willbe` compressed and discharged through the valve 31 -into the coils 36 where it is cooled by the water within the shell 49 and is discharged in condensed form through the passage 38 and 42 to the chamber 5. The chamber 5 acts as the receiver for the condensed refrigerant from which it is delivered through the connection 53 to the expansion coils where it expands and is then returned 'from the low side through the\connection 61 to the groove 23 at the base o the compressing cylinder.

It will be observed that the castingl mounted i upon the base is shaped to form both the crank case 4 and the receiver 5 immediately surrounding orV partially surrounding the crank case and that the receiver and crank case have a common dividing wall which readily permits heat transference therethrough. This prevents heating of the. crank bearing since the heat generated in the crank case is conducted through the oil and said wall to the receiver thereby maintaining the crank case and its contents at a moderately low and eiicient temperature.

It will be further observed that the upper wall of the casting forms a common dividing wall between the coolin receiverso that the receiver is coded from chamber and the the water in the cooling chamber. This construction further promotes economy and eficiency of the machine and in addition a maximum area of the receiver is exposed to the surrounding atmosphere so that it is cooled to a considerable extent thereby.

sion cylinder or other parts of the system are required thereby closing off the receiver so as to preclude the escape of the refrigerant therefrom.

rlihe whole assembly is extremely compact in its arrangement so that it occupies a minimum of space. The `crank case receiver and cooling chamber are disposed so as to permit the ready transference of heat units from one to the other. The receiver presents a maximade and many details of construction varied l mumof exposed surface to the cooling effect of the surrounding atmosphere and the structure as a whole is capable of being very economically manufactured and is highly eiicient and durable in use.:

l am aware that many changes may be without departing from the principles of this invent-ion and I do not propose being limited otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

l claim: l v

y1. A refrigerating machine comprising a compressor including a compression cylinder and a crank case, a receiver for liquid refrigerant formed integrally with and partially surrounding said crank case, a cooling chamber surrounding the compression c linder immediately above said receiver, con ensing coils arranged in the cooling chamber and connected at opposite ends to said compressor Aand to said receiver, and means for actuating said compressor. y

2. A refrigerating machinelcomprising a casing shaped to rovide acrank case and a receiver for .liqui refrigerantpartially surrounding the same, a compression cylinder mounted upon said casing, condensing coils surrounding the cylinder and connected at opposite ends to said cylinder and receiver, and a hood inclosing said coils and cylinder and forming a cooling chamber immediately above said receiver.

3. A refrigerating machine comprising a casting shaped to provide a cranky case, a compression cylinder mounted on said casting, a condensing coil surrounding the cylinder, a cooling chamber in which y.said coil is disposed, a connection between said coil and said receiver including a receiver, a passage formed Apartially in said casting and partially in a fitting attached to the casting, a

valve for closing said passage, and means f)or supplying a cooling fluid to said cham- 4. A refrigeratingl machine comprising a casing providing a crank case, a passage for the refrigerant, and a receiver for liquid refrigerant substantially surrounding the crank case, a compression cylinder mounted upon the casing, a condensing coil surrounding the cylinder `and connected with said passage and cylinder, and a hood inclosing said coil and cylinder and forming a chamber for a cooling iiuid, said passage connecting said coil and said receiver.

5. A refrigerating machine comprising a casing providing a central crank case substantially surrounded by a receiver for liquid refrigerant, the crank case and receiver having a common wall permitting heat transference from the crank case to the receiver,

a compression cylinder mounted on the caspartially 'surrounded by the receiver, said crank case and receiver having a common wall permitting heat transference therethrough, and a cooling chamber above the receiver, said vcooling chamber and receiver havinga common wall permitting heat transference therethrough. A 7: A refrigerating machine including a casing forming a crank case and a receiver having a common wall therebetween, a hood mounted upon said casing and forming a cooling chamber, the top of said casing formmg a common wall between the receiver and the cooling chamber, a compression cylinder mounted on said casing, a condensing coil surrounding said cylinder within said` cooling chamber, and a connection between said coil and said receiver including a passage formedin` said casing. A

8. A refrigerating machine comprising a compressor including a compression cylinder and a crank case, a cooling chamber having a refrigerant condensing coil therein connected to the cylinder surround'in `the compression cylinder, and a liquid re rigerant receiver connected to said coil substantially surrounding and integral with said crank case 'the receiver having its sealing wall in common with substantially the entire bottom of said cooling chamber.

9. A refrigerating machine comprising a compressor including a compression cylinder vand a crank casing, a cooling chamber surg. rounding'the compression cylinder, and a receiver substantially surrounding said crank case, receiver and crank case belng integral.

10. Ina refrigerating machine, a vertically extending compression cylinder and a crank case at the lower end thereof, a cooling chamber above the crank case surrounding the compression cylinder and having a coil therein connected to the cylinder for cooling a rel", frigerant, and a liquid refrigerant receiver yunderneath said chamber substantially'surfrounding the crank case connected to said coil and having its ceiling wall in common with the bottom wall of the cooling' chamber, the

, ycrank case being closed by a Wall lying substantially entirely within saidreceiver. .u

11. In a refrigerating machine, a vertically extending compression cylinder and a crank case at the lower end thereof, a cooling 2 chamber above the crank case surrounding the top of and substantially the entire side walls ofthe compression cylinder and having a coil therein connected to the cylinder for cooling a. refrigerant, and a liquid refrigerant receiver beneath said chamber connected to said coil substantially surrounding said crank case, said crank case being sealed from said receiver. 12. In a refrigerating machine, a vertical- ;m ly extending compression. cylinder and a crank case at the lower end thereof, a cooling chamber above the crank case surrounding the top of and substantially the entire side walls of the compression cylinder and having 3;, a coil therein connected tio the ycylinder for cooling a refrigerant, and a 1i uid refrigerant receiver beneath said cham er connected `to said coil substantially surrounding said crank case, said crank case being sealed from said receiver, the upper end'of said crank case having a sealing wall and a piston rod extending therethrough, a piston in said cylinder, a passage leading'v into said cylinder. above said sealing wall below the piston for 47, introducing expanded refrigerant returning to the compressor.

13; In a refrigerating machine, a compression cylinder and a cooling'chamber surrounding-thecylinder, a coil' in said chamber 5;) for condensing on its surface' refrigerant compressedin said cylinder, a liquid refrigerant receiver having communication with said cylinder, and a crank case connected to said cylinder disposed contiguously to the receiver in position to be cooled by transfer lof heat from 'itself to the receiver.

In witness of the foregoing I aix my signature,

- FRENCH E.. DENN'ISON 

